COVID-19 Preparedness Within the Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthetic Ecosystem in Sub-Saharan Africa
Identifieur interne : 000710 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000709; suivant : 000711COVID-19 Preparedness Within the Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthetic Ecosystem in Sub-Saharan Africa
Auteurs : Adesoji O. Ademuyiwa [Nigeria] ; Abebe Bekele [Rwanda] ; Atakltie Baraki Berhea [Éthiopie] ; Eric Borgstein [Malawi] ; Nina Capo-Chichi [Burkina Faso, Bénin] ; Miliard Derbew [Rwanda, Éthiopie, Bénin] ; Faye M. Evans [États-Unis] ; Mekdes Daba Feyssa [Éthiopie] ; Moses Galukande [Ouganda] ; Atul A. Gawande [États-Unis, Royaume-Uni] ; Serigne Magueye Gueye [Sénégal, Nigeria] ; Ewen Harrison [Royaume-Uni] ; Pankaj Jani [Rwanda] ; Neema Kaseje [Suisse] ; Louis Litswa [Kenya] ; Tihitena Negussie Mammo [Éthiopie] ; Jannicke Mellin-Olsen [Royaume-Uni] ; Godfrey Muguti [Rwanda, Zimbabwe] ; Mary T. Nabukenya [Ouganda] ; Eugene Ngoga [Rwanda] ; Faustin Ntirenganya [Rwanda] ; Stephen Rulisa [Rwanda] ; Nichole Starr [États-Unis] ; Stephen Tabiri [Ghana] ; Mahelet Tadesse [Éthiopie] ; Isabeau Walker ; Thomas G. Weiser ; Sherry M. WrenSource :
- Annals of Surgery [ 0003-4932 ] ; 2020.
Url:
DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003964
PubMed: 32301806
PubMed Central: 7188046
Affiliations:
- Burkina Faso, Bénin, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Ouganda, Royaume-Uni, Rwanda, Suisse, Sénégal, Zimbabwe, États-Unis, Éthiopie
- Angleterre, Californie, Grand Londres, Massachusetts, Écosse
- Londres, Édimbourg
- Université d'Édimbourg
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Le document en format XML
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Ademuyiwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lagos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Lagos Hub, Lagos, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Lagos Hub, Lagos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lagos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Pan Africa Paediatric Surgery Association, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Pan Africa Paediatric Surgery Association</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bekele, Abebe" sort="Bekele, Abebe" uniqKey="Bekele A" first="Abebe" last="Bekele">Abebe Bekele</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Global Health Equity, Kigali</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kigali</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" sort="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" uniqKey="Berhea A" first="Atakltie Baraki" last="Berhea">Atakltie Baraki Berhea</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Surgical Society of Ethiopia, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Society of Ethiopia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borgstein, Eric" sort="Borgstein, Eric" uniqKey="Borgstein E" first="Eric" last="Borgstein">Eric Borgstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Blantyre, Malawi</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea>Blantyre</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">and Southern Africa</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Capo Chichi, Nina" sort="Capo Chichi, Nina" uniqKey="Capo Chichi N" first="Nina" last="Capo-Chichi">Nina Capo-Chichi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Smile Train, Francophone West Africa (Benin, Togo, Burkina Faso)</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Burkina Faso</country><wicri:regionArea>Smile Train, Francophone West Africa (Benin, Togo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Togo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Lifebox Foundation, Benin</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bénin</country><wicri:regionArea>Lifebox Foundation</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derbew, Miliard" sort="Derbew, Miliard" uniqKey="Derbew M" first="Miliard" last="Derbew">Miliard Derbew</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Lifebox Foundation, Benin</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bénin</country><wicri:regionArea>Lifebox Foundation</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Faye M" sort="Evans, Faye M" uniqKey="Evans F" first="Faye M." last="Evans">Faye M. Evans</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Harvard University, Cambridge, MA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Medical Advisory Board Member, Smile Train</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Smile Train</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" sort="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" uniqKey="Feyssa M" first="Mekdes Daba" last="Feyssa">Mekdes Daba Feyssa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff15">St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff16">Ethiopian Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Ethiopian Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galukande, Moses" sort="Galukande, Moses" uniqKey="Galukande M" first="Moses" last="Galukande">Moses Galukande</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff17">Department of Surgery, Makerere University, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Makerere University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Makerere University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff18">Association of Surgeons of Uganda, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Association of Surgeons of Uganda</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gawande, Atul A" sort="Gawande, Atul A" uniqKey="Gawande A" first="Atul A." last="Gawande">Atul A. Gawande</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Harvard University, Cambridge, MA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff19">Ariadne Labs at Brigham Health and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff20">Haven, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Haven</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" sort="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" uniqKey="Gueye S" first="Serigne Magueye" last="Gueye">Serigne Magueye Gueye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff21">University Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar, Senegal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Sénégal</country><wicri:regionArea>University Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dakar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff22">West African College of Surgeons, Lagos, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>West African College of Surgeons, Lagos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lagos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrison, Ewen" sort="Harrison, Ewen" uniqKey="Harrison E" first="Ewen" last="Harrison">Ewen Harrison</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff23">University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff24">GlobalSurg Collaborative</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jani, Pankaj" sort="Jani, Pankaj" uniqKey="Jani P" first="Pankaj" last="Jani">Pankaj Jani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaseje, Neema" sort="Kaseje, Neema" uniqKey="Kaseje N" first="Neema" last="Kaseje">Neema Kaseje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff25">World Health Organization Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Program</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff26">Medicins Sans Frontiers, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Medicins Sans Frontiers, Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff27">Global Initiative for Children's Surgery</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Litswa, Louis" sort="Litswa, Louis" uniqKey="Litswa L" first="Louis" last="Litswa">Louis Litswa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff28">Gertrudes Hospital Division of Anesthesia, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Gertrudes Hospital Division of Anesthesia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff29">Kenya Society of Anaesthesiologists</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mammo, Tihitena Negussie" sort="Mammo, Tihitena Negussie" uniqKey="Mammo T" first="Tihitena Negussie" last="Mammo">Tihitena Negussie Mammo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mellin Olsen, Jannicke" sort="Mellin Olsen, Jannicke" uniqKey="Mellin Olsen J" first="Jannicke" last="Mellin-Olsen">Jannicke Mellin-Olsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff30">World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muguti, Godfrey" sort="Muguti, Godfrey" uniqKey="Muguti G" first="Godfrey" last="Muguti">Godfrey Muguti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31">University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Zimbabwe</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Zimbabwe, Harare</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Harare</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nabukenya, Mary T" sort="Nabukenya, Mary T" uniqKey="Nabukenya M" first="Mary T." last="Nabukenya">Mary T. Nabukenya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff32">Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kampala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff33">Education Committee, Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff34">Lifebox Pulse Oximeter Clinical Advisory Group, Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Lifebox Foundation</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ngoga, Eugene" sort="Ngoga, Eugene" uniqKey="Ngoga E" first="Eugene" last="Ngoga">Eugene Ngoga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff35">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rwanda Military Hospital (affiliated with University of Rwanda), Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rwanda Military Hospital (affiliated with University of Rwanda)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rwanda Military Hospital (affiliated with University of Rwanda)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff36">Rwanda Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff37">East, Central, and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ntirenganya, Faustin" sort="Ntirenganya, Faustin" uniqKey="Ntirenganya F" first="Faustin" last="Ntirenganya">Faustin Ntirenganya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38">University of Rwanda, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Rwanda</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff39">National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Rwanda Hub</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Rwanda Hub</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rulisa, Stephen" sort="Rulisa, Stephen" uniqKey="Rulisa S" first="Stephen" last="Rulisa">Stephen Rulisa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38">University of Rwanda, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Rwanda</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff40">Finance Committee, East, Central, and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Starr, Nichole" sort="Starr, Nichole" uniqKey="Starr N" first="Nichole" last="Starr">Nichole Starr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff41">University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>University of California San Francisco, San Francisco</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabiri, Stephen" sort="Tabiri, Stephen" uniqKey="Tabiri S" first="Stephen" last="Tabiri">Stephen Tabiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff42">University for Development Studies-School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tamale, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>University for Development Studies-School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tamale</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tamale</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff43">National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Ghana Hub</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Ghana Hub</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tadesse, Mahelet" sort="Tadesse, Mahelet" uniqKey="Tadesse M" first="Mahelet" last="Tadesse">Mahelet Tadesse</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff44">Ethiopian Society of Anesthesiologists</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walker, Isabeau" sort="Walker, Isabeau" uniqKey="Walker I" first="Isabeau" last="Walker">Isabeau Walker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff45">Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiser, Thomas G" sort="Weiser, Thomas G" 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Weiser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff46">Stanford University, Stanford, CA.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">CA.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wren, Sherry M" sort="Wren, Sherry M" uniqKey="Wren S" first="Sherry M." last="Wren">Sherry M. Wren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff46">Stanford University, Stanford, CA.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">CA.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">32301806</idno><idno type="pmc">7188046</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7188046</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7188046</idno><idno type="doi">10.1097/SLA.0000000000003964</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000415</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000415</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000415</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000415</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000611</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000611</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000E50</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000E50</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000E50</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0003-4932:2020:Ademuyiwa A:covid:preparedness:within</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000711</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000710</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000710</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">COVID-19 Preparedness Within the Surgical, Obstetric, and Anesthetic Ecosystem in Sub-Saharan Africa</title><author><name sortKey="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" sort="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" uniqKey="Ademuyiwa A" first="Adesoji O." last="Ademuyiwa">Adesoji O. Ademuyiwa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1">University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lagos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff2">National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Lagos Hub, Lagos, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Lagos Hub, Lagos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lagos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3">Pan Africa Paediatric Surgery Association, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>Pan Africa Paediatric Surgery Association</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bekele, Abebe" sort="Bekele, Abebe" uniqKey="Bekele A" first="Abebe" last="Bekele">Abebe Bekele</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff4">University of Global Health Equity, Kigali, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Global Health Equity, Kigali</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kigali</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" sort="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" uniqKey="Berhea A" first="Atakltie Baraki" last="Berhea">Atakltie Baraki Berhea</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff7">Surgical Society of Ethiopia, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Surgical Society of Ethiopia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borgstein, Eric" sort="Borgstein, Eric" uniqKey="Borgstein E" first="Eric" last="Borgstein">Eric Borgstein</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff8">Blantyre, Malawi</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Malawi</country><wicri:regionArea>Blantyre</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff9">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">and Southern Africa</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Capo Chichi, Nina" sort="Capo Chichi, Nina" uniqKey="Capo Chichi N" first="Nina" last="Capo-Chichi">Nina Capo-Chichi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff10">Smile Train, Francophone West Africa (Benin, Togo, Burkina Faso)</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Burkina Faso</country><wicri:regionArea>Smile Train, Francophone West Africa (Benin, Togo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Togo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Lifebox Foundation, Benin</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bénin</country><wicri:regionArea>Lifebox Foundation</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derbew, Miliard" sort="Derbew, Miliard" uniqKey="Derbew M" first="Miliard" last="Derbew">Miliard Derbew</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff11">Lifebox Foundation, Benin</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Bénin</country><wicri:regionArea>Lifebox Foundation</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Evans, Faye M" sort="Evans, Faye M" uniqKey="Evans F" first="Faye M." last="Evans">Faye M. Evans</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Harvard University, Cambridge, MA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff14">Medical Advisory Board Member, Smile Train</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Smile Train</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" sort="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" uniqKey="Feyssa M" first="Mekdes Daba" last="Feyssa">Mekdes Daba Feyssa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff15">St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff16">Ethiopian Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Ethiopian Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Galukande, Moses" sort="Galukande, Moses" uniqKey="Galukande M" first="Moses" last="Galukande">Moses Galukande</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff17">Department of Surgery, Makerere University, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Surgery, Makerere University</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Makerere University</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff18">Association of Surgeons of Uganda, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Association of Surgeons of Uganda</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gawande, Atul A" sort="Gawande, Atul A" uniqKey="Gawande A" first="Atul A." last="Gawande">Atul A. Gawande</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff12">Harvard University, Cambridge, MA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>Harvard University, Cambridge</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff19">Ariadne Labs at Brigham Health and Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff20">Haven, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Haven</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" sort="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" uniqKey="Gueye S" first="Serigne Magueye" last="Gueye">Serigne Magueye Gueye</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff21">University Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar, Senegal</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Sénégal</country><wicri:regionArea>University Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dakar</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dakar</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff22">West African College of Surgeons, Lagos, Nigeria</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Nigeria</country><wicri:regionArea>West African College of Surgeons, Lagos</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Lagos</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Harrison, Ewen" sort="Harrison, Ewen" uniqKey="Harrison E" first="Ewen" last="Harrison">Ewen Harrison</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff23">University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff24">GlobalSurg Collaborative</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jani, Pankaj" sort="Jani, Pankaj" uniqKey="Jani P" first="Pankaj" last="Jani">Pankaj Jani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaseje, Neema" sort="Kaseje, Neema" uniqKey="Kaseje N" first="Neema" last="Kaseje">Neema Kaseje</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff25">World Health Organization Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Program</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff26">Medicins Sans Frontiers, Geneva, Switzerland</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suisse</country><wicri:regionArea>Medicins Sans Frontiers, Geneva</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Geneva</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff27">Global Initiative for Children's Surgery</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Litswa, Louis" sort="Litswa, Louis" uniqKey="Litswa L" first="Louis" last="Litswa">Louis Litswa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff28">Gertrudes Hospital Division of Anesthesia, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Gertrudes Hospital Division of Anesthesia</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff29">Kenya Society of Anaesthesiologists</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mammo, Tihitena Negussie" sort="Mammo, Tihitena Negussie" uniqKey="Mammo T" first="Tihitena Negussie" last="Mammo">Tihitena Negussie Mammo</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mellin Olsen, Jannicke" sort="Mellin Olsen, Jannicke" uniqKey="Mellin Olsen J" first="Jannicke" last="Mellin-Olsen">Jannicke Mellin-Olsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff30">World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, London, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Muguti, Godfrey" sort="Muguti, Godfrey" uniqKey="Muguti G" first="Godfrey" last="Muguti">Godfrey Muguti</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff5">College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Surgeons of Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>and Southern Africa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff31">University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Zimbabwe</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Zimbabwe, Harare</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Harare</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nabukenya, Mary T" sort="Nabukenya, Mary T" uniqKey="Nabukenya M" first="Mary T." last="Nabukenya">Mary T. Nabukenya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff32">Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ouganda</country><wicri:regionArea>Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Kampala</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff33">Education Committee, Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Association of Anesthesiologists of Uganda</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff34">Lifebox Pulse Oximeter Clinical Advisory Group, Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Lifebox Foundation</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ngoga, Eugene" sort="Ngoga, Eugene" uniqKey="Ngoga E" first="Eugene" last="Ngoga">Eugene Ngoga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff35">Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rwanda Military Hospital (affiliated with University of Rwanda), Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rwanda Military Hospital (affiliated with University of Rwanda)</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Rwanda Military Hospital (affiliated with University of Rwanda)</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff36">Rwanda Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff37">East, Central, and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ntirenganya, Faustin" sort="Ntirenganya, Faustin" uniqKey="Ntirenganya F" first="Faustin" last="Ntirenganya">Faustin Ntirenganya</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38">University of Rwanda, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Rwanda</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff39">National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Rwanda Hub</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Rwanda Hub</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rulisa, Stephen" sort="Rulisa, Stephen" uniqKey="Rulisa S" first="Stephen" last="Rulisa">Stephen Rulisa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff38">University of Rwanda, Rwanda</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Rwanda</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Rwanda</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff40">Finance Committee, East, Central, and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">and Southern Africa College of Obstetrics & Gynecology</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Starr, Nichole" sort="Starr, Nichole" uniqKey="Starr N" first="Nichole" last="Starr">Nichole Starr</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff41">University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>University of California San Francisco, San Francisco</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tabiri, Stephen" sort="Tabiri, Stephen" uniqKey="Tabiri S" first="Stephen" last="Tabiri">Stephen Tabiri</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff42">University for Development Studies-School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tamale, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>University for Development Studies-School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Tamale</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tamale</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff43">National Institute of Health Research Global Surgery Unit, Ghana Hub</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">Ghana Hub</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tadesse, Mahelet" sort="Tadesse, Mahelet" uniqKey="Tadesse M" first="Mahelet" last="Tadesse">Mahelet Tadesse</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff6">Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Éthiopie</country><wicri:regionArea>Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Addis Ababa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff44">Ethiopian Society of Anesthesiologists</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Walker, Isabeau" sort="Walker, Isabeau" uniqKey="Walker I" first="Isabeau" last="Walker">Isabeau Walker</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff45">Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Weiser, Thomas G" sort="Weiser, Thomas G" uniqKey="Weiser T" first="Thomas G." last="Weiser">Thomas G. Weiser</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff13">Lifebox Foundation</nlm:aff></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff46">Stanford University, Stanford, CA.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">CA.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wren, Sherry M" sort="Wren, Sherry M" uniqKey="Wren S" first="Sherry M." last="Wren">Sherry M. Wren</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="aff46">Stanford University, Stanford, CA.</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">CA.</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Annals of Surgery</title><idno type="ISSN">0003-4932</idno><idno type="eISSN">1528-1140</idno><imprint><date when="2020">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Brindle, M" uniqKey="Brindle M">M Brindle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gawande, A" uniqKey="Gawande A">A Gawande</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wen, X" uniqKey="Wen X">X Wen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Y" uniqKey="Li Y">Y 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Davis</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Jd" uniqKey="Smith J">JD Smith</name></author><author><name sortKey="Macdougall, Cc" uniqKey="Macdougall C">CC MacDougall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnstone, J" uniqKey="Johnstone J">J Johnstone</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chen, C C" uniqKey="Chen C">C-C Chen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Willeke, K" uniqKey="Willeke K">K Willeke</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rowley, E" uniqKey="Rowley E">E Rowley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dingwall, R" uniqKey="Dingwall R">R Dingwall</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Milton, Dk" uniqKey="Milton D">DK Milton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fabian, Mp" uniqKey="Fabian M">MP Fabian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cowling, Bj" uniqKey="Cowling B">BJ Cowling</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rutala, Wa" uniqKey="Rutala W">WA Rutala</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weber, Dj" uniqKey="Weber D">DJ Weber</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fisher, Em" uniqKey="Fisher E">EM Fisher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shaffer, Re" uniqKey="Shaffer R">RE Shaffer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Makison Booth, C" uniqKey="Makison Booth C">C Makison Booth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Clayton, M" uniqKey="Clayton M">M Clayton</name></author><author><name sortKey="Crook, B" uniqKey="Crook B">B Crook</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Macintyre, Cr" uniqKey="Macintyre C">CR MacIntyre</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seale, H" uniqKey="Seale H">H Seale</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dung, Tc" uniqKey="Dung T">TC Dung</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rengasamy, S" uniqKey="Rengasamy S">S Rengasamy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eimer, B" uniqKey="Eimer B">B Eimer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shaffer, Re" uniqKey="Shaffer R">RE Shaffer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Davies, A" uniqKey="Davies A">A Davies</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, K A" uniqKey="Thompson K">K-A Thompson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giri, K" uniqKey="Giri K">K Giri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Dato, Vm" uniqKey="Dato V">VM Dato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hostler, D" uniqKey="Hostler D">D Hostler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hahn, Me" uniqKey="Hahn M">ME Hahn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Der Sande, M" uniqKey="Van Der Sande M">M van der Sande</name></author><author><name sortKey="Teunis, P" uniqKey="Teunis P">P Teunis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sabel, R" uniqKey="Sabel R">R Sabel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Arentz, M" uniqKey="Arentz M">M Arentz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yim, E" uniqKey="Yim E">E Yim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Klaff, L" uniqKey="Klaff L">L Klaff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wujtewicz, M" uniqKey="Wujtewicz M">M Wujtewicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dylczyk Sommer, A" uniqKey="Dylczyk Sommer A">A Dylczyk-Sommer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aszkielowicz, A" uniqKey="Aszkielowicz A">A Aszkiełowicz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Powell, T" uniqKey="Powell T">T Powell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Christ, Kc" uniqKey="Christ K">KC Christ</name></author><author><name sortKey="Birkhead, Gs" uniqKey="Birkhead G">GS Birkhead</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fink, Sl" uniqKey="Fink S">SL Fink</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Patrone, D" uniqKey="Patrone D">D Patrone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Resnik, D" uniqKey="Resnik D">D Resnik</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vawter, De" uniqKey="Vawter D">DE Vawter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garrett, Je" uniqKey="Garrett J">JE Garrett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Prehn, Aw" uniqKey="Prehn A">AW Prehn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lin, Jy" uniqKey="Lin J">JY Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson Shaw, L" uniqKey="Anderson Shaw L">L Anderson-Shaw</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Howes, D" uniqKey="Howes D">D Howes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsai, E" uniqKey="Tsai E">E Tsai</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vawter, D" uniqKey="Vawter D">D Vawter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garrett, J" uniqKey="Garrett J">J Garrett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gervais, K" uniqKey="Gervais K">K Gervais</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Emanuel, Ej" uniqKey="Emanuel E">EJ Emanuel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Persad, G" uniqKey="Persad G">G Persad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Upshur, R" uniqKey="Upshur R">R Upshur</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Burkina Faso</li><li>Bénin</li><li>Ghana</li><li>Kenya</li><li>Malawi</li><li>Nigeria</li><li>Ouganda</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Rwanda</li><li>Suisse</li><li>Sénégal</li><li>Zimbabwe</li><li>États-Unis</li><li>Éthiopie</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Californie</li><li>Grand Londres</li><li>Massachusetts</li><li>Écosse</li></region><settlement><li>Londres</li><li>Édimbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Édimbourg</li></orgName></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Walker, Isabeau" sort="Walker, Isabeau" uniqKey="Walker I" first="Isabeau" last="Walker">Isabeau Walker</name><name sortKey="Weiser, Thomas G" sort="Weiser, Thomas G" uniqKey="Weiser T" first="Thomas G." last="Weiser">Thomas G. Weiser</name><name sortKey="Wren, Sherry M" sort="Wren, Sherry M" uniqKey="Wren S" first="Sherry M." last="Wren">Sherry M. Wren</name></noCountry><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" sort="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" uniqKey="Ademuyiwa A" first="Adesoji O." last="Ademuyiwa">Adesoji O. Ademuyiwa</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" sort="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" uniqKey="Ademuyiwa A" first="Adesoji O." last="Ademuyiwa">Adesoji O. Ademuyiwa</name><name sortKey="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" sort="Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O" uniqKey="Ademuyiwa A" first="Adesoji O." last="Ademuyiwa">Adesoji O. Ademuyiwa</name><name sortKey="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" sort="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" uniqKey="Gueye S" first="Serigne Magueye" last="Gueye">Serigne Magueye Gueye</name></country><country name="Rwanda"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bekele, Abebe" sort="Bekele, Abebe" uniqKey="Bekele A" first="Abebe" last="Bekele">Abebe Bekele</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bekele, Abebe" sort="Bekele, Abebe" uniqKey="Bekele A" first="Abebe" last="Bekele">Abebe Bekele</name><name sortKey="Derbew, Miliard" sort="Derbew, Miliard" uniqKey="Derbew M" first="Miliard" last="Derbew">Miliard Derbew</name><name sortKey="Jani, Pankaj" sort="Jani, Pankaj" uniqKey="Jani P" first="Pankaj" last="Jani">Pankaj Jani</name><name sortKey="Muguti, Godfrey" sort="Muguti, Godfrey" uniqKey="Muguti G" first="Godfrey" last="Muguti">Godfrey Muguti</name><name sortKey="Ngoga, Eugene" sort="Ngoga, Eugene" uniqKey="Ngoga E" first="Eugene" last="Ngoga">Eugene Ngoga</name><name sortKey="Ntirenganya, Faustin" sort="Ntirenganya, Faustin" uniqKey="Ntirenganya F" first="Faustin" last="Ntirenganya">Faustin Ntirenganya</name><name sortKey="Rulisa, Stephen" sort="Rulisa, Stephen" uniqKey="Rulisa S" first="Stephen" last="Rulisa">Stephen Rulisa</name></country><country name="Éthiopie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" sort="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" uniqKey="Berhea A" first="Atakltie Baraki" last="Berhea">Atakltie Baraki Berhea</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" sort="Berhea, Atakltie Baraki" uniqKey="Berhea A" first="Atakltie Baraki" last="Berhea">Atakltie Baraki Berhea</name><name sortKey="Derbew, Miliard" sort="Derbew, Miliard" uniqKey="Derbew M" first="Miliard" last="Derbew">Miliard Derbew</name><name sortKey="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" sort="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" uniqKey="Feyssa M" first="Mekdes Daba" last="Feyssa">Mekdes Daba Feyssa</name><name sortKey="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" sort="Feyssa, Mekdes Daba" uniqKey="Feyssa M" first="Mekdes Daba" last="Feyssa">Mekdes Daba Feyssa</name><name sortKey="Mammo, Tihitena Negussie" sort="Mammo, Tihitena Negussie" uniqKey="Mammo T" first="Tihitena Negussie" last="Mammo">Tihitena Negussie Mammo</name><name sortKey="Tadesse, Mahelet" sort="Tadesse, Mahelet" uniqKey="Tadesse M" first="Mahelet" last="Tadesse">Mahelet Tadesse</name></country><country name="Malawi"><noRegion><name sortKey="Borgstein, Eric" sort="Borgstein, Eric" uniqKey="Borgstein E" first="Eric" last="Borgstein">Eric Borgstein</name></noRegion></country><country name="Burkina Faso"><noRegion><name sortKey="Capo Chichi, Nina" sort="Capo Chichi, Nina" uniqKey="Capo Chichi N" first="Nina" last="Capo-Chichi">Nina Capo-Chichi</name></noRegion></country><country name="Bénin"><noRegion><name sortKey="Capo Chichi, Nina" sort="Capo Chichi, Nina" uniqKey="Capo Chichi N" first="Nina" last="Capo-Chichi">Nina Capo-Chichi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Derbew, Miliard" sort="Derbew, Miliard" uniqKey="Derbew M" first="Miliard" last="Derbew">Miliard Derbew</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Massachusetts"><name sortKey="Evans, Faye M" sort="Evans, Faye M" uniqKey="Evans F" first="Faye M." last="Evans">Faye M. Evans</name></region><name sortKey="Gawande, Atul A" sort="Gawande, Atul A" uniqKey="Gawande A" first="Atul A." last="Gawande">Atul A. Gawande</name><name sortKey="Starr, Nichole" sort="Starr, Nichole" uniqKey="Starr N" first="Nichole" last="Starr">Nichole Starr</name></country><country name="Ouganda"><noRegion><name sortKey="Galukande, Moses" sort="Galukande, Moses" uniqKey="Galukande M" first="Moses" last="Galukande">Moses Galukande</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Galukande, Moses" sort="Galukande, Moses" uniqKey="Galukande M" first="Moses" last="Galukande">Moses Galukande</name><name sortKey="Nabukenya, Mary T" sort="Nabukenya, Mary T" uniqKey="Nabukenya M" first="Mary T." last="Nabukenya">Mary T. Nabukenya</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gawande, Atul A" sort="Gawande, Atul A" uniqKey="Gawande A" first="Atul A." last="Gawande">Atul A. Gawande</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Harrison, Ewen" sort="Harrison, Ewen" uniqKey="Harrison E" first="Ewen" last="Harrison">Ewen Harrison</name><name sortKey="Mellin Olsen, Jannicke" sort="Mellin Olsen, Jannicke" uniqKey="Mellin Olsen J" first="Jannicke" last="Mellin-Olsen">Jannicke Mellin-Olsen</name></country><country name="Sénégal"><noRegion><name sortKey="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" sort="Gueye, Serigne Magueye" uniqKey="Gueye S" first="Serigne Magueye" last="Gueye">Serigne Magueye Gueye</name></noRegion></country><country name="Suisse"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kaseje, Neema" sort="Kaseje, Neema" uniqKey="Kaseje N" first="Neema" last="Kaseje">Neema Kaseje</name></noRegion></country><country name="Kenya"><noRegion><name sortKey="Litswa, Louis" sort="Litswa, Louis" uniqKey="Litswa L" first="Louis" last="Litswa">Louis Litswa</name></noRegion></country><country name="Zimbabwe"><noRegion><name sortKey="Muguti, Godfrey" sort="Muguti, Godfrey" uniqKey="Muguti G" first="Godfrey" last="Muguti">Godfrey Muguti</name></noRegion></country><country name="Ghana"><noRegion><name sortKey="Tabiri, Stephen" sort="Tabiri, Stephen" uniqKey="Tabiri S" first="Stephen" last="Tabiri">Stephen Tabiri</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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